Equivalence Point is defined as:

Equivalence Point is defined as:

• A. the point at which the two solutions used in a titration are present in chemically equivalent amounts
• B. the point where the pH reaches 7
• C. the endpoint of a color change by an indicator
• D. the start of the titration

Answer: (A)

The equivalence point is the moment when the titrant has been added in exactly the amounts needed to react with the analyte according to the reaction’s stoichiometry; in other words, the moles of one reactant are chemically equivalent to the moles of the other. At this point the reaction is complete in the sense that neither reactant remains in excess (aside from any minor equilibrium effects that may apply in special cases). This is why the definition focuses on chemically equivalent amounts. While in a strong acid–strong base titration the pH at equivalence is around 7, the exact pH depends on the strengths of the acids and bases involved. The endpoint, by contrast, is when an indicator changes color, which is used to estimate the equivalence point but may not line up exactly with it. The start of the titration is simply the initial state before any titrant is added.

The equivalence point is the moment when the titrant has been added in exactly the amounts needed to react with the analyte according to the reaction’s stoichiometry; in other words, the moles of one reactant are chemically equivalent to the moles of the other. At this point the reaction is complete in the sense that neither reactant remains in excess (aside from any minor equilibrium effects that may apply in special cases). This is why the definition focuses on chemically equivalent amounts. While in a strong acid–strong base titration the pH at equivalence is around 7, the exact pH depends on the strengths of the acids and bases involved. The endpoint, by contrast, is when an indicator changes color, which is used to estimate the equivalence point but may not line up exactly with it. The start of the titration is simply the initial state before any titrant is added.